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Peptide appearance Lyophilized form

Mitochondrial peptide

SS-31

Low stock

SS-31 is a four-amino-acid peptide used in mitochondrial-membrane research. Published studies look at cardiolipin binding, cellular energy, cardiac-ischaemia models, and inflammation signals.

Available strengths
60,50 
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SS-31

Price range: 60,50 € through 192,50 €

Mitochondria-targeting tetrapeptide for cardiolipin and bioenergetic studies.

SKU: ADRIA-SS-31 Category: Tag:

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Research overview

SS-31

SS-31, also called elamipretide, is a defined aromatic, positively charged peptide. Its charge and aromatic amino acids matter in mitochondrial-membrane studies.

Studies cover mitochondrial function, reactive-oxygen measurements, cardiac research, metabolic models, and inflammation markers. These findings apply only to the experiments reported.

Mitochondrial membrane and energy

Studies measure cardiolipin binding, electron transport, ATP-related endpoints, and reactive oxygen. These are laboratory questions about mitochondrial-membrane organisation.

Each paper must be read with the exact cell, tissue, or isolated-mitochondria model used.

Cardiac and metabolic models

Other studies use cardiac-ischaemia, metabolic, and inflammation models. Their measurements stay limited to the original research conditions.

Compound information

Specifications

Molecular profile

Sequence
D-Arg-2,6-dimethylTyr-Lys-Phe-NH2
Molecular mass
639.8 g/mol
CAS number
736992-21-5
Molecular formula
C32H49N9O5

Material record

Physical appearance
White to off-white lyophilized powder
Solubility
Soluble in bacteriostatic water and suitable aqueous laboratory solvents.
Product note
Mitochondria-targeting tetrapeptide; studied for cardiolipin interaction, oxidative-stress pathway models, and cellular energy biology; supplied strictly for research use only.

Laboratory care

Handling

Peptides in transport

Peptides in lyophilized form are supplied in glass vials by standard shipping methods and do not require refrigeration. Short-term temperature fluctuations during transport will not reduce their quality and efficacy. Even at high summer temperatures, the peptides in lyophilized form are stable for several weeks.

Storage of lyophilized peptides

Lyophilized peptides should be stored in a dry place, protected from light and moisture. The following storage conditions are generally recommended:

  • Room temperature (15–25 °C): Up to 3 months
  • Refrigerated (2–8 °C): Up to 6 months
  • Frozen (-20 °C or below): 3–5 years (recommended for long-term storage)

Allow the vial to reach room temperature after taking it out of the refrigerator or freezer.

Storage of reconstituted peptides

Once reconstituted, peptide solutions are generally less stable than their lyophilized form and should be stored under refrigerated conditions whenever possible.

The following storage conditions are generally recommended:

  • Room temperature (15–25 °C): Avoid prolonged storage
  • Refrigerated (2–8 °C): Typically 4–8 weeks
  • Frozen (-20 °C or below): Up to 3–4 months

To preserve peptide integrity, avoid repeated freeze–thaw cycles, as these may accelerate peptide degradation.

Important: Most manufacturers recommend discarding reconstituted peptides within 4 weeks when stored at 2–8 °C. This recommendation is intentionally conservative and may not reflect the actual chemical stability of every peptide. In our own stability studies, many peptides reconstituted in bacteriostatic water showed no detectable degradation after 12 weeks of refrigerated storage. As peptide stability is highly sequence- and formulation-dependent, this result should not be extrapolated to all peptides without supporting stability data.

Analytical documentation

Latest test results

Latest published result

Liquilabs s.r.o.Signed Certificate of Analysis · 10mg

Certificate preview for 10mg

99.7%Purity by HPLC

Batch number
5817263
Tested
2026-09-08

Recorded QC panel

AssayPeptide Screening 0.1% TFA
13.13 mg (± 0.07 mg)
PurityPeptide Screening 0.1% TFA
99.7%
Identity (FTIR)Peptide Screening 0.1% TFA
997 (± 5)
Identity (RT)Retention time
0.994 (± 0.005)
Bacterial endotoxinUSP 85 / Eur. Ph. 2.6.14
0.024 EU/mg
Molecular ion massMass Spectrometry Identity
639 Da (± 1 Da)

These are the latest published results for this strength. The batch number is printed on each vial. Your supplied batch is confirmed against the matching published record when your order is allocated.

See all test results

Signed certificate

Source record

References

National Center for Biotechnology Information

PubChem Compound Summary: Elamipretide

Authoritative identity record for SS-31, also described as elamipretide.

PubChem · View source ↗

Zhao W, Xu Z, Cao J, et al. · 2019

Elamipretide (SS-31) improves mitochondrial dysfunction, synaptic and memory impairment induced by lipopolysaccharide in mice

Primary experimental report using elamipretide/SS-31.

Journal of Neuroinflammation · 10.1186/s12974-019-1627-9 View source ↗

Karaa A, Bertini E, Carelli V, et al. · 2023

Efficacy and Safety of Elamipretide in Individuals With Primary Mitochondrial Myopathy: The MMPOWER-3 Randomized Clinical Trial

Primary clinical research report for elamipretide.

Neurology · 10.1212/wnl.0000000000207402 View source ↗

Juan D. Chavez, Xiaoting Tang, Matthew D. Campbell, James E. Bruce · 2020

Mitochondrial protein interaction landscape of SS-31

2020 ·

H. H. Szeto et al. · 2011

Mitochondria-Targeted Peptide Accelerates ATP Recovery and Reduces Ischemic Kidney Injury

J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. JASN · 10.1681/asn.2010080808 View source ↗

M. P. Siegel et al. · 2013

Mitochondrial targeted peptide rapidly improves mitochondrial energetics and skeletal muscle performance in aged mice

Aging Cell · 10.1111/acel.12102 View source ↗

A. V. Birk et al. · 2013

The Mitochondrial-Targeted Compound SS-31 Re-Energizes Ischemic Mitochondria by Interacting with Cardiolipin

J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. JASN · 10.1681/asn.2012121216 View source ↗

K. C. Chatfield et al. · 2019

Elamipretide Improves Mitochondrial Function in the Failing Human Heart

JACC Basic Transl. Sci · 10.1016/j.jacbts.2018.12.005 View source ↗

A. Karaa, R. Haas, A. Goldstein, J. Vockley, W. D. Weaver, and B. H. Cohen · 2018

Randomized dose-escalation trial of elamipretide in adults with primary mitochondrial myopathy

Neurology · 10.1212/wnl.0000000000005255 View source ↗

A. M. PhD · 2020

Elamipretide Failed to Meet Promise of Earlier Trial Results for

Mitochondrial Disease News, Jan. 10 ·

· 2020

Could Elamipretide Become the First Treatment Option for Primary Mitochondrial Myopathy?

Neurology Live ·

H. N. Sabbah, R. C. Gupta, S. Kohli, M. Wang, S. Hachem, and K. Zhang · 2016

Chronic Therapy With Elamipretide (MTP-131), a Novel Mitochondria-Targeting Peptide, Improves Left Ventricular and Mitochondrial Function in Dogs With Advanced Heart Failure

Circ. Heart Fail · 10.1161/circheartfailure.115.002206 View source ↗

M. Hortmann et al. · 2019

The mitochondria-targeting peptide elamipretide diminishes circulating HtrA2 in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction

Eur. Heart J. Acute Cardiovasc. Care · 10.1177/2048872617710789 View source ↗

I. Escribano-Lopez et al. · 2018

The mitochondrial antioxidant SS-31 increases SIRT1 levels and ameliorates inflammation, oxidative stress and leukocyte-endothelium interactions in type 2 diabetes

Sci. Rep · 10.1038/s41598-018-34251-8 View source ↗

Y. Mo et al. · 2019

SS-31 reduces inflammation and oxidative stress through the inhibition of Fis1 expression in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated microglia

Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun · 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.09.077 View source ↗

Y. Hou et al. · 1908

The antioxidant peptide SS31 prevents oxidative stress, downregulates CD36 and improves renal function in diabetic nephropathy

Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. Off. Publ. Eur. Dial. Transpl. Assoc. - Eur. Ren. Assoc · 10.1093/ndt/gfy021 View source ↗

Y. Hou et al. · 2015

Mitochondria-targeted peptide SS-31 attenuates renal injury via an antioxidant effect in diabetic nephropathy

Am. J. Physiol.-Ren. Physiol · 10.1152/ajprenal.00574.2014 View source ↗

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